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What is TXT record?

A TXT record stores text in DNS, widely used for domain ownership verification and email authentication like SPF, DKIM and DMARC.

A TXT record holds arbitrary text associated with a hostname. Although originally meant for human-readable notes, it is now mostly used for machine-readable data.

Common uses include:

  • Domain verification for services like Google Search Console, Microsoft 365 or certificate authorities.
  • SPF (v=spf1 ...) listing servers allowed to send your mail.
  • DKIM public keys, usually at selector._domainkey.example.com.
  • DMARC policy at _dmarc.example.com.

A domain should have only one SPF record; merge multiple senders into a single record instead of publishing several.

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Related terms

DNSSEC
DNSSEC adds cryptographic signatures to DNS records so resolvers can verify answers are authentic and have not been forged or tampered with.
TTL (Time to Live)
TTL is the number of seconds a DNS record may be cached by resolvers before they must look it up again, affecting how fast changes take effect.
Domain parking
Domain parking means registering a domain without an active website, often showing a placeholder or ad page while it awaits use or sale.
Domain flipping
Domain flipping is buying domain names at low cost and reselling them for a profit, usually through aftermarket marketplaces or direct outreach.
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